Sorting out AI, ML, DL, and NLP

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Posted By: Roberta Mullin March 3, 2021

The alphabet soup of acronyms in the world Artificial Intelligence. What are they? What do they mean? What is the difference between them? This is our ongoing reporting on AI and how it is being integrated into healthcare technology. We are seeking out the thought leaders and innovations that are moving the needle forward using artificial intelligence. Read more posts on Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare.

Follow the hashtag #AIinHealthcare.

To Listen

From Conversations on Health Care, hosts Mark Masselli and Margaret Flinter welcome Dr. Daniel Kraft, physician-scientist, inventor, entrepreneur and Chair of the XPrize Pandemic Alliance Task Force, which is holding competitions to develop better tools for addressing COVID-19. Dr. Kraft, who is also founder and Executive Director of Exponential Medicine, looks at emerging developments that will lead to better rapid tests, masks as well as tech and AI-enabled interventions that will offer earlier diagnosis of infection, and better treatment and management of diseases like coronavirus in the future.

In the News

January AI Raises $21 Million to Fuel Growth of Its Breakthrough Diabetes Management Technology
January AI (@JanuaryAI_Inc)—the first metabolic health company that accurately predicts users’ glycemic response to over 16 million foods in its proprietary atlas, announced that it has raised $8.8M in new funding from visionary institutional and individual investors, bringing its total capital raised to $21M.

OSF HealthCare Using Data and AI to Drive an Increase in Childhood Vaccinations
Despite the availability of free routine immunizations for low-income families through a federal program, many children are not vaccinated, vaccinated late for their age, or don’t complete the course of the immunization schedule. Peoria, Illinois-based OSF HealthCare (@OSFHealthCare) wants to change that. Through a nearly $75,000 grant available through its Jump ARCHES program, and nearly $30,000 in state grant funding through the Illinois Innovation Network, OSF Innovation and partners are using artificial intelligence (AI) tools to design, develop and deploy a mobile child vaccination program for underserved communities in Illinois.

BrainChip Inc. and NaNose Medical Successfully Detect COVID-19 in Exhaled Breath with Fast High-Accuracy Results
BrainChip Holdings Ltd (@BrainChip_inc), a provider of ultra-low power high performance artificial intelligence technology, announced progress in testing with the NaNose (Nano Artificial Nose) where patients’ exhaled breath samples were tested for COVID-19.

Product & Company News

Perimeter Medical Imaging AI Announces U.S. FDA 510(k) Clearance for OCT Imaging System
Perimeter Medical Imaging AI, Inc. (@PerimeterMed), a medical technology company driven to transform cancer surgery with ultra-high-resolution, real-time, advanced imaging tools to address areas of high unmet medical need, announced that it has received 510(k) clearance from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration for Perimeter’s Optical Coherence Tomography Imaging System (v2.1), which is designed to examine tissue microstructures during surgical procedures by providing cross-sectional, real-time margin visualization.

Laipac Technology Partners With Two UAE Companies to Launch World’s First AI Rapid Antigen Test System
Laipac Technology Inc., of Ontario, Canada, an award-winning company in the development of IoMT (Internet of Medical Things) is pleased to announce their partnership with UAE companies YAS Pharmaceuticals LLC and Pure Health LLC, utilizing the power of the world’s first Rapid Covid-19 Antigen Test System using Artificial Intelligence.

Vocalis Health’s COVID-19 Screening Tool Successfully Validated in Large Clinical Study
Vocalis Health (@VocalisHealth), a company pioneering AI-based vocal biomarkers in healthcare, announced results of a clinical study conducted in collaboration with the Municipal Corporation of Greater Mumbai (MCGM) at their NESCO COVID-19 Center to validate Vocalis Health’s COVID-19 screening tool, VocalisCheck.

To Read

Diabetes Meets Machine Learning, Part 1 – By John Halamka and Paul Cerrato – Of all the disorders that have responded well to artificial intelligence and machine learning, diabetes mellitus probably tops the list. The evidence supporting a role for Machine Learning (ML)-enhanced algorithms in managing the disease is persuasive and applies to several components of patient care, including screening, diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis.

Matthew Lamons

Healthcare AI News

To Follow

The Basics and Resources

From the leading text book around the world, Artificial Intelligence: A Modern Approach.

Artificial Intelligence is composed of six different disciplines:

  1. Natural Language Processing to enable it to communicate successfully in English
  2. Knowledge Representation to store what it knows or hears
  3. Automated Reasoning to use the stored information to answer questions and to draw new conclusions
  4. Machine Learning to adapt to new circumstances and to detect and extrapolate patterns
  5. Computer Vision to perceive objects
  6. Robotics to manipulate objects and move about

To build a generally intelligent agent, you need machine learning in addition to the other aspects mentioned above.

Machine Learning is roughly the science of prediction. Given certain knowns (features), you wish to predict some unknowns (targets). The unknown could be structured (e.g. numeric) or unstructured (e.g. a string response).

Deep Learning is a sub field of machine learning where concepts are learned hierarchically. The simplest concepts emerge first, followed by more complicated concepts that build on the simpler ones. Usually, this leads to a simple layered hierarchy of concepts.

Optum Resource Library

Natural Language Processing: AI with an ROI
Health care providers need to see a return on any analytic investment they make. Natural language processing (NLP) is one way AI can help providers convert the potential within their health data into quality improvement and cost savings. Natural language processing is an AI technology that actually makes sense for health care.

IBM Analytics

Navigating the A.I. and Cognitive Maze – If you work in the area of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Cognitive Computing, you might use buzz words and phrases which to others might be perceived as confusing jargon. This article attempts to explain what these terms mean, how they relate to one other and where they all fit along the AI and cognitive time continuum. I include a glossary of my top 20 useful AI/cognitive terms — and advice on getting started on your AI/cognitive journey.