Sorting out AI, ML, DL, and NLP

The alphabet soup of acronyms in the world Artificial Intelligence. What are they? What do they mean? What is the difference between them? This is our ongoing reporting on AI and how it is being integrated into healthcare technology. We are seeking out the thought leaders and innovations that are moving the needle forward using artificial intelligence. Read more posts on Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare.

Follow the hashtag #AIinHealthcare.

Listen

From The Incrementalist – Host Dr. Nick van Terheyden (@drnic1) talks to Dr. Anthony Chang (@AIMed_MD), the founder of AI in Medicine, about the incremental steps to AI and precision medicine.

To Read

Forbes
You Might Want Artificial Intelligence Reading Your Next Mammogram – “You don’t have cancer.” These are perhaps the most powerful and important four words a woman can hear after a breast-screening visit. X-ray based mammography is an effective screening tool for detecting cancer, but what many women may not know is that breast screening programs produce a high level of false positive results, particularly after multiple years of screening. In other words, women are informed they may have cancer when in fact they don’t. This is particularly true in the U.S., where each study is generally read by a single, expert radiologist. In Europe, two independent radiologists read each study.

 In the News

DiA Imaging Analysis’ AI-Powered LVivo EF Cardiac Tool Now Available for the GE Healthcare Vscan ExtendTM Handheld Mobile Ultrasound
DiA Imaging Analysis Ltd. (DiA) (@DiA_Analysis), a provider of artificial intelligence (AI)-powered ultrasound analysis tools, announced that its LVivo EF cardiac decision-support software is now available for purchase for GE’s new Vscan Extend™ handheld, pocket-sized ultrasound. This collaboration is an outgrowth of work between DiA and GE Healthcare that began last year.

BIOMEDevice San Jose 2018 Brings Emerging Medical Technology to the Forefront
BIOMEDevice San Jose 2018 (#BIOMEDevice), Silicon Valley’s leading event for medtech professionals, announced that it will feature over 20 hours of industry-specific educational content on emerging technologies in the realm of artificial intelligence (AI), surgical robotics, wearable devices, nano technology, and more. Returning for its eleventh year on December 5 – 6, 2018, BIOMEDevice San Jose will feature more than 250 leading organizations across medtech and more than 1,500 medical device industry professionals.

LabKey and Linguamatics Partner to Extract Clinical Insights from Big Data in Healthcare
Linguamatics (@Linguamatics), a leading natural language processing (NLP) text analytics provider, and LabKey(@LabKey), a provider of bioinformatics data management solutions, announced an integrated solution designed to streamline the extraction and curation of valuable insights from large volumes of unstructured clinical notes and reports.

Events

PATH Summit
When: September 30-October 2, 2018
Where: Omni Shoreham in Washington, DC
Networking Event for Automation and Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare – Learn More.

AI Solve: Healthcare – Webcast Replay
Recorded March 21, 2018 at UCSF in SanFrancisco
View the recording

AI is already beginning to shape the healthcare industry, Intel brought together some of the leading minds in the space. At the event called Intel SOLVE: Healthcare, in San Francisco, Intel brought together researchers from Harvard, Princeton, Stanford, GE Healthcare, Optum, Mayo Clinic, The MIT/Harvard Broad Institute and more to talk about the work they are doing with AI.

To Follow
The Basics and Resources

From the leading text book around the world, Artificial Intelligence: A Modern Approach.

Artificial Intelligence is composed of six different disciplines:

  1. Natural Language Processing to enable it to communicate successfully in English
  2. Knowledge Representation to store what it knows or hears
  3. Automated Reasoning to use the stored information to answer questions and to draw new conclusions
  4. Machine Learning to adapt to new circumstances and to detect and extrapolate patterns
  5. Computer Vision to perceive objects
  6. Robotics to manipulate objects and move about

To build a generally intelligent agent, you need machine learning in addition to the other aspects mentioned above.

Machine Learning is roughly the science of prediction. Given certain knowns (features), you wish to predict some unknowns (targets). The unknown could be structured (e.g. numeric) or unstructured (e.g. a string response).

Deep Learning is a sub field of machine learning where concepts are learned hierarchically. The simplest concepts emerge first, followed by more complicated concepts that build on the simpler ones. Usually, this leads to a simple layered hierarchy of concepts.

Optum Resource Library

Natural Language Processing: AI with an ROI
Health care providers need to see a return on any analytic investment they make. Natural language processing (NLP) is one way AI can help providers convert the potential within their health data into quality improvement and cost savings. Natural language processing is an AI technology that actually makes sense for health care.